disease or condition that affects cartilage
Osteoarthritis is a disease that affects the entire joint, but the articular cartilage is one of the most afflicted tissues. The cartilage that covers the bones (articular cartilage—a subgroup of hyaline cartilage) thins and finally wears away, resulting in "bone against bone" within the joint, limiting motion and causing pain. Osteoarthritis affects joints that are subjected to a lot of stress, therefore it's more of a case of "wear and tear" than a serious disease. It is dealt with.
by arthroplasty, a synthetic joint consisting of a stainless steel alloy (cobalt chromoly) and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene that replaces the natural joint (UHMWPE). Supplements containing chondroitin sulfate or glucosamine sulfate have been claimed to help with osteoarthritis symptoms, although there is insufficient data to back this up.
Traumatic detachment or rupture of the cartilage in the knee is common, although it can be partially restored with knee cartilage replacement therapy. Athletes frequently refer to damaged "cartilage" in their knees as a damaged meniscus (a fibrocartilage structure) rather than articular cartilage.
Achondroplasia is a condition in which chondrocyte growth in the epiphyseal plate of long bones is reduced during childhood, leading in dwarfism.
Costochondritis is a condition in which the cartilage in the ribs becomes inflamed, resulting in chest pain.
Asymmetrical compression of an intervertebral disc ruptures the sac-like disc, resulting in a herniation of its soft content. The hernia frequently compresses nearby nerves, resulting in back pain.
Relapsing polychondritis is a condition in which cartilage, particularly in the nose and ears, is destroyed by an autoimmune process, resulting in disfigurement. As the larynx loses its stiffness and collapses, death ensues through asphyxiation.
It is possible to develop benign or malignant cartilage tissue tumors. They are most commonly seen in bone, although they can also be found in pre-existing cartilage. The benign tumors are referred to as chondroma, whereas the malignant tumors are referred to as chondrosarcoma. Other tumors can develop a cartilage-like matrix, the most well-known of which being pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands.
The matrix of cartilage functions as a barrier, restricting lymphocyte entrance and immunoglobulin diffusion. This characteristic allows cartilage to be transplanted from one person to another without risk of tissue rejection.
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